{
  "contract": "aesthetary.record/1.0",
  "record_spec": "1.1.0",
  "semantics": {
    "vocabulary": "aesthetary.public-evidence/1.0",
    "definitions": "vocabulary.json"
  },
  "slug": "storybook",
  "name": "Storybook",
  "identity": {
    "definition": {
      "state": "resolved",
      "text": "Storybook names the register of the illustrated children's picture book, a book format combining visual and verbal narrative mostly for young children. Aesthetary draws it chiefly from Golden Age illustration (1875 to the First World War), whose artists include Caldecott, Crane and Greenaway, and from toy books of one story per book; Rackham's pen-and-ink with watercolour belongs to the same period. Painted illustration, a warm soft palette, decorative initials and scroll-as-page-turn are Aesthetary's selection."
    },
    "scope": {
      "state": "resolved",
      "text": "The visual register of the illustrated children's picture book, drawn chiefly from Golden Age illustration (1875 to 1914): picture-led, paced opening by opening. Painted image, warm palette and initials are Aesthetary's selection.",
      "ruling": "D0-1"
    },
    "aliases": [
      "fairytale",
      "picture book",
      "children's illustration"
    ],
    "layer_verdict": {
      "state": "ruled",
      "value": "belongs_at_another_layer",
      "ruling": "D0-1"
    }
  },
  "native_medium": {
    "state": "resolved",
    "value": [
      "print"
    ],
    "evidence": {
      "quote": "A story is told by revealing it one opening at a time… the pace is set by the turn",
      "field": "docs/briefs (brief text)"
    },
    "ruling": "D0-5 MD-2 (2026-09-28)"
  },
  "research": {
    "line": "partly_sourced",
    "text": "Partly sourced",
    "sentence": "7 sources attached. 1 claim graded by our research brief, no source attached."
  },
  "areas": [
    {
      "area": "layout",
      "state": "resolved",
      "canon": "specified",
      "importance": "unknown",
      "posture_basis": "synthesis",
      "label": {
        "text": "Specified"
      }
    },
    {
      "area": "typography",
      "state": "resolved",
      "canon": "specified",
      "importance": "unknown",
      "posture_basis": "synthesis",
      "label": {
        "text": "Specified"
      }
    },
    {
      "area": "color",
      "state": "resolved",
      "canon": "specified",
      "importance": "unknown",
      "posture_basis": "synthesis",
      "label": {
        "text": "Specified"
      }
    },
    {
      "area": "imagery",
      "state": "resolved",
      "canon": "specified",
      "importance": "unknown",
      "posture_basis": "synthesis",
      "label": {
        "text": "Specified"
      }
    },
    {
      "area": "surface",
      "state": "resolved",
      "canon": "open_by_finding",
      "importance": "unknown",
      "posture_basis": null,
      "label": {
        "text": "Left open"
      }
    },
    {
      "area": "interface",
      "state": "resolved",
      "canon": "not_canonically_specified",
      "importance": "unknown",
      "posture_basis": null,
      "label": {
        "text": "Not specified by the source"
      }
    },
    {
      "area": "motion",
      "state": "resolved",
      "canon": "specified",
      "importance": "unknown",
      "posture_basis": "synthesis",
      "label": {
        "text": "Specified"
      }
    },
    {
      "area": "motif",
      "state": "resolved",
      "canon": "specified",
      "importance": "unknown",
      "posture_basis": null,
      "label": {
        "text": "Specified"
      }
    },
    {
      "area": "technique",
      "state": "resolved",
      "canon": "specified",
      "importance": "unknown",
      "posture_basis": null,
      "label": {
        "text": "Specified"
      }
    },
    {
      "area": "form",
      "state": "resolved",
      "canon": "specified",
      "importance": "unknown",
      "posture_basis": null,
      "label": {
        "text": "Specified"
      }
    },
    {
      "area": "hierarchy",
      "state": "resolved",
      "canon": "specified",
      "importance": "unknown",
      "posture_basis": "synthesis",
      "label": {
        "text": "Specified"
      }
    },
    {
      "area": "density",
      "state": "resolved",
      "canon": "specified",
      "importance": "unknown",
      "posture_basis": "synthesis",
      "label": {
        "text": "Specified"
      }
    }
  ],
  "claims": [
    {
      "id": "layout-3",
      "text": "Composition: sequence; illustration-led.",
      "role": "rule",
      "area": "layout",
      "basis": "inherited",
      "support": {
        "state": "inherited",
        "for": [],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "catalogue",
        "text": "From our catalogue entry"
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "typography-4",
      "text": "Typography: decorative initials.",
      "role": "rule",
      "area": "typography",
      "basis": "inherited",
      "support": {
        "state": "inherited",
        "for": [],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "catalogue",
        "text": "From our catalogue entry"
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "hierarchy-13",
      "text": "is SUPPORTED: illustration always outranks text. No negotiation, and unusual for a page.",
      "role": "rule",
      "area": "hierarchy",
      "basis": "inherited",
      "support": {
        "state": "inherited",
        "for": [],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "catalogue",
        "text": "From our catalogue entry"
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "color-5",
      "text": "Colour: warm soft palette.",
      "role": "rule",
      "area": "color",
      "basis": "inherited",
      "support": {
        "state": "inherited",
        "for": [],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "catalogue",
        "text": "From our catalogue entry"
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "density-6",
      "text": "CURATORIAL from intent: sparse per opening — one image, one passage. Density would defeat pacing.",
      "role": "rule",
      "area": "density",
      "basis": "synthesis",
      "support": {
        "state": "none",
        "for": [],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "reading",
        "text": "Our reading"
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "imagery-7",
      "text": "Imagery: painted illustration.",
      "role": "rule",
      "area": "imagery",
      "basis": "inherited",
      "support": {
        "state": "inherited",
        "for": [],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "catalogue",
        "text": "From our catalogue entry"
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "motion-14",
      "text": "Motion: scroll-driven narrative.",
      "role": "rule",
      "area": "motion",
      "basis": "inherited",
      "support": {
        "state": "inherited",
        "for": [],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "catalogue",
        "text": "From our catalogue entry"
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "st-r1",
      "text": "The reference period is the Golden Age of Illustration, roughly the 1880s to the 1920s — Rackham, Crane, Caldecott, Greenaway — whose names now sit on the field's major awards.",
      "role": "context",
      "area": null,
      "basis": "documentary",
      "support": {
        "state": "graded_unlinked",
        "for": [],
        "against": [
          "mass-01:storybook:CARLE_DROLLER"
        ],
        "contested": true
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "graded",
        "mark": "none",
        "text": "Graded by our research brief · No source attached · disputed"
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "intent",
      "text": "A story is told by revealing it one opening at a time. The picture leads and the words follow, and the pace is set by the turn — so the design's job is to control what the reader can see before they are allowed to see the next thing.",
      "role": "argument",
      "area": null,
      "basis": "synthesis",
      "support": {
        "state": "none",
        "for": [],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "reading",
        "text": "Our reading"
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "failure-1",
      "text": "No simultaneous presentation.",
      "role": "negative",
      "area": null,
      "basis": "synthesis",
      "support": {
        "state": "none",
        "for": [],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "reading",
        "text": "Our reading"
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "failure-2",
      "text": "No text-led hierarchy.",
      "role": "negative",
      "area": null,
      "basis": "synthesis",
      "support": {
        "state": "none",
        "for": [],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "reading",
        "text": "Our reading"
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "failure-3",
      "text": "No dense openings.",
      "role": "negative",
      "area": null,
      "basis": "synthesis",
      "support": {
        "state": "none",
        "for": [],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "reading",
        "text": "Our reading"
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "failure-4",
      "text": "No photographic imagery.",
      "role": "negative",
      "area": null,
      "basis": "synthesis",
      "support": {
        "state": "none",
        "for": [],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "reading",
        "text": "Our reading"
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "failure-5",
      "text": "No cool or saturated palette.",
      "role": "negative",
      "area": null,
      "basis": "synthesis",
      "support": {
        "state": "none",
        "for": [],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "reading",
        "text": "Our reading"
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "failure-6",
      "text": "Against Hand-Drawn (Module): treatment versus sequenced narrative. Against Surrealism (Influence): dream imagery without pacing. Anti-signature: show everything at once and it becomes illustration. Let text outrank the picture and it becomes an illustrated article.",
      "role": "negative",
      "area": null,
      "basis": "synthesis",
      "support": {
        "state": "none",
        "for": [],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "reading",
        "text": "Our reading"
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "failure-7",
      "text": "Not open: removing the sequence.",
      "role": "negative",
      "area": null,
      "basis": "synthesis",
      "support": {
        "state": "none",
        "for": [],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "reading",
        "text": "Our reading"
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "failure-8",
      "text": "Not open: letting text lead..",
      "role": "negative",
      "area": null,
      "basis": "synthesis",
      "support": {
        "state": "none",
        "for": [],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "reading",
        "text": "Our reading"
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "intent-negation",
      "text": "Refuses simultaneous presentation, and refuses layouts that let a reader take the whole narrative in at once.",
      "role": "argument",
      "area": null,
      "basis": "synthesis",
      "support": {
        "state": "none",
        "for": [],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "reading",
        "text": "Our reading"
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "intent-cost",
      "text": "Costs accepted: Information density; Scanning; Adult register",
      "role": "argument",
      "area": null,
      "basis": "synthesis",
      "support": {
        "state": "none",
        "for": [],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "reading",
        "text": "Our reading"
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "intent-audience",
      "text": "Audience: A reader who will proceed in order and accept being paced.",
      "role": "argument",
      "area": null,
      "basis": "synthesis",
      "support": {
        "state": "none",
        "for": [],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "reading",
        "text": "Our reading"
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "gestalt-boundary",
      "text": "Against Hand-Drawn (Module): treatment versus sequenced narrative. Against Surrealism (Influence): dream imagery without pacing. Anti-signature: show everything at once and it becomes illustration. Let text outrank the picture and it becomes an illustrated article.",
      "role": "boundary",
      "area": null,
      "basis": "synthesis",
      "support": {
        "state": "none",
        "for": [],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "reading",
        "text": "Our reading"
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "v1-distinguishing",
      "text": "Narrative unfolds through sequence; illustration-led",
      "role": "diagnostic",
      "area": null,
      "basis": "inherited",
      "support": {
        "state": "inherited",
        "for": [],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "catalogue",
        "text": "From our catalogue entry"
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "v1-era",
      "text": "Era: 19th-century, contemporary",
      "role": "context",
      "area": null,
      "basis": "inherited",
      "support": {
        "state": "inherited",
        "for": [],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "catalogue",
        "text": "From our catalogue entry"
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "v1-mood",
      "text": "Mood: romantic, playful",
      "role": "context",
      "area": null,
      "basis": "inherited",
      "support": {
        "state": "inherited",
        "for": [],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "catalogue",
        "text": "From our catalogue entry"
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "v1-cross-library",
      "text": "Cross-library: Imagery: painted illustration · Motion: scroll-driven narrative",
      "role": "context",
      "area": null,
      "basis": "inherited",
      "support": {
        "state": "inherited",
        "for": [],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "catalogue",
        "text": "From our catalogue entry"
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "surface-8.motif",
      "text": "Motif: decorative initial",
      "role": "rule",
      "area": "motif",
      "basis": "inherited",
      "support": {
        "state": "inherited",
        "for": [],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "catalogue",
        "text": "From our catalogue entry"
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "surface-8.technique",
      "text": "Technique: painted",
      "role": "rule",
      "area": "technique",
      "basis": "inherited",
      "support": {
        "state": "inherited",
        "for": [],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "catalogue",
        "text": "From our catalogue entry"
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "declared-freedom",
      "text": "Declared freedom: density per opening.",
      "role": "context",
      "area": null,
      "basis": "synthesis",
      "support": {
        "state": "none",
        "for": [],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "reading",
        "text": "Our reading"
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "kcc:surface-1",
      "text": "Evans's toy books for Caldecott were colour wood-engraved from separate blocks: a dark-brown key, a flesh tint, and red, blue, yellow and grey, with as few colours as necessary.",
      "role": "context",
      "area": "surface",
      "basis": "documentary",
      "support": {
        "state": "cited",
        "for": [
          "kcc-storybook-S3",
          "kcc-storybook-S4"
        ],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "documented",
        "mark": "attached",
        "text": "Documented · Source attached"
      },
      "scope": {
        "practice": "Evans/Caldecott toy books, 1878-85."
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "kcc:surface-2",
      "text": "Caldecott's picture books were printed on yellow paper, which warmed and brightened the colours, and issued in limp covers as disposable ephemera.",
      "role": "context",
      "area": "surface",
      "basis": "documentary",
      "support": {
        "state": "cited",
        "for": [
          "kcc-storybook-S4"
        ],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "documented",
        "mark": "attached",
        "text": "Documented · Source attached"
      },
      "scope": {
        "practice": "Caldecott's Picture Books only."
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "kcc:surface-3",
      "text": "Rackham's colour work used watercolour reproduced by the three-colour process through letterpress; limited editions were often vellum-bound.",
      "role": "context",
      "area": "surface",
      "basis": "documentary",
      "support": {
        "state": "cited",
        "for": [
          "kcc-storybook-S5",
          "kcc-storybook-S6"
        ],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "documented",
        "mark": "attached",
        "text": "Documented · Source attached"
      },
      "scope": {
        "practice": "Rackham gift books, c.1900-1914."
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "kcc:surface-4",
      "text": "Paper finish is treated in picturebook criticism as a meaning-bearing choice: glossy stock distances, matte stock invites touch.",
      "role": "context",
      "area": "surface",
      "basis": "documentary",
      "support": {
        "state": "cited",
        "for": [
          "kcc-storybook-S7"
        ],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "documented",
        "mark": "attached",
        "text": "Documented · Source attached"
      },
      "scope": {
        "practice": "Modern picturebook criticism; examples post-1980."
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "kcc:form-1",
      "text": "The toy book format put one story in one book, with colour illustrations printed on pages left blank on the back.",
      "role": "rule",
      "area": "form",
      "basis": "documentary",
      "support": {
        "state": "cited",
        "for": [
          "kcc-storybook-S3"
        ],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "documented",
        "mark": "attached",
        "text": "Documented · Source attached"
      },
      "scope": {
        "practice": "Victorian toy books, peak 1860s."
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "kcc:form-2",
      "text": "The unit of viewing is the opening, two facing pages, and the book is conceived as one sequence running from cover through endpapers to pictures.",
      "role": "rule",
      "area": "form",
      "basis": "documentary",
      "support": {
        "state": "cited",
        "for": [
          "kcc-storybook-S7"
        ],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "documented",
        "mark": "attached",
        "text": "Documented · Source attached"
      },
      "scope": {
        "practice": "Picturebook criticism (Sipe after Marantz and Bader); general to the format rather than specific to 1875-1914."
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "kcc:form-3",
      "text": "Page turns are planned narrative devices, not arbitrary breaks.",
      "role": "rule",
      "area": "form",
      "basis": "documentary",
      "support": {
        "state": "cited",
        "for": [
          "kcc-storybook-S7"
        ],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "documented",
        "mark": "attached",
        "text": "Documented · Source attached"
      },
      "scope": {
        "practice": "As above."
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "kcc:form-4",
      "text": "Binding determines whether a picture spanning the double-page spread survives the gutter.",
      "role": "context",
      "area": "form",
      "basis": "documentary",
      "support": {
        "state": "cited",
        "for": [
          "kcc-storybook-S7"
        ],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "documented",
        "mark": "attached",
        "text": "Documented · Source attached"
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "kcc:form-5",
      "text": "Toy books, introduced in the later nineteenth century, were small paper-bound books with art dominating the text.",
      "role": "context",
      "area": "form",
      "basis": "documentary",
      "support": {
        "state": "cited",
        "for": [
          "kcc-storybook-S1"
        ],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "documented",
        "mark": "attached",
        "text": "Documented · Source attached"
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "kcc:definition",
      "text": "Storybook names the register of the illustrated children's picture book, a book format combining visual and verbal narrative mostly for young children. Aesthetary draws it chiefly from Golden Age illustration (1875 to the First World War), whose artists include Caldecott, Crane and Greenaway, and from toy books of one story per book; Rackham's pen-and-ink with watercolour belongs to the same period. Painted illustration, a warm soft palette, decorative initials and scroll-as-page-turn are Aesthetary's selection.",
      "role": "definition",
      "area": null,
      "basis": "documentary",
      "support": {
        "state": "cited",
        "for": [
          "kcc-storybook-S1",
          "kcc-storybook-S2",
          "kcc-storybook-S3",
          "kcc-storybook-S5"
        ],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "documented",
        "mark": "attached",
        "text": "Documented · Source attached"
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "kcc:revision-surface-8",
      "text": "Technique: drawn artwork reproduced in colour, by wood engraving from separate colour blocks (Evans's toy books) or by three-colour letterpress printing of watercolour originals (Rackham). 'Painted' describes only the watercolour originals of the later strand, and the category admits a range of media.",
      "role": "rule",
      "area": null,
      "basis": "documentary",
      "support": {
        "state": "cited",
        "for": [
          "kcc-storybook-S1",
          "kcc-storybook-S4",
          "kcc-storybook-S5",
          "kcc-storybook-S6"
        ],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "documented",
        "mark": "attached",
        "text": "Documented · Source attached"
      },
      "derives_from": [],
      "ruling": null
    },
    {
      "id": "dcc:gestalt",
      "text": "Drawn illustration printed in colour carrying the narrative with text subordinate to it, decorative initial letters opening each passage, a warm soft palette, and a structure that reveals itself one opening at a time as the reader advances. The diagnostic condition is paced sequence: the register controls what is visible when, and a version showing everything at once is illustration rather than storytelling. Hand-Drawn, a Module, is a mark-making treatment without the sequence. Surrealism, an Influence, shares dreamlike imagery but has no narrative pacing.",
      "role": "diagnostic",
      "area": null,
      "basis": "synthesis",
      "support": {
        "state": "none",
        "for": [],
        "against": [],
        "contested": false
      },
      "label": {
        "kind": "reading",
        "text": "Our reading"
      },
      "derives_from": [
        "kcc:revision-surface-8",
        "kcc:form-2",
        "kcc:form-3",
        "kcc:form-5",
        "kcc:definition"
      ],
      "ruling": null
    }
  ],
  "web_translations": [],
  "standard_practice": [],
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "mass-01:storybook:CARLE_DROLLER",
      "kind": "source",
      "title": "The Golden Age to the Modern Era: The Michael and Esther Droller Collection",
      "url": "https://carlemuseum.org/art-books/exhibitions/past-exhibition/golden-age-modern-era-michael-and-esther-droller-collection",
      "status": "verified",
      "retrieval": "retrieved"
    },
    {
      "id": "kcc-storybook-S1",
      "kind": "source",
      "title": "Picture book",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picture_book",
      "status": "verified",
      "retrieval": "retrieved"
    },
    {
      "id": "kcc-storybook-S2",
      "kind": "source",
      "title": "The Golden Age to the Modern Era: The Michael and Esther Droller Collection",
      "url": "https://carlemuseum.org/art-books/exhibitions/past-exhibition/golden-age-modern-era-michael-and-esther-droller-collection",
      "status": "verified",
      "retrieval": "retrieved"
    },
    {
      "id": "kcc-storybook-S3",
      "kind": "source",
      "title": "Chapter V Toy Books and Early Modern Picture Books: (2) Edmund Evans and Three Picture Book Artists",
      "url": "https://www.kodomo.go.jp/ingram/e/section5/writers.html",
      "status": "verified",
      "retrieval": "retrieved"
    },
    {
      "id": "kcc-storybook-S4",
      "kind": "source",
      "title": "Caldecott, Evans, and the Production of the ‘Toy Books’: a Significant Collaboration",
      "url": "https://victorianweb.org/art/illustration/caldecott/toybooks.html",
      "status": "verified",
      "retrieval": "retrieved"
    },
    {
      "id": "kcc-storybook-S5",
      "kind": "source",
      "title": "Arthur Rackham",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Rackham",
      "status": "verified",
      "retrieval": "retrieved"
    },
    {
      "id": "kcc-storybook-S6",
      "kind": "source",
      "title": "The Illustrations of Arthur Rackham",
      "url": "https://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/rackham-illustrations/home",
      "status": "verified",
      "retrieval": "retrieved"
    },
    {
      "id": "kcc-storybook-S7",
      "kind": "source",
      "title": "Picturebooks as Aesthetic Objects",
      "url": "https://www.readingrecovery.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/LTL_6.1-Sipe.pdf",
      "status": "verified",
      "retrieval": "retrieved"
    }
  ],
  "relations": [
    {
      "slug": "surrealism",
      "kind": "confused_with",
      "status": "proposed"
    },
    {
      "slug": "hand-drawn",
      "kind": "confused_with",
      "status": "proposed"
    },
    {
      "slug": "mascot-led",
      "kind": "confused_with",
      "status": "proposed"
    }
  ],
  "open": [
    {
      "kind": "missing_research",
      "question": "Does 'warm soft palette' describe the Golden Age material?"
    }
  ],
  "aesthetary_build": {
    "note": "Values Aesthetary built with. Not claims about the Aesthetic.",
    "measured": {
      "note": "Read from the page's own stylesheet at build time. Values Aesthetary built with, not claims about the Aesthetic.",
      "slug": "storybook",
      "stylesheet": "storybook.css",
      "bytes": 22625,
      "colours": [
        "#443228",
        "#F6ECDC",
        "#FBF4E7",
        "#6B5138",
        "#8C4A26",
        "#EDD6A8",
        "#5C4434",
        "#F0DFC6",
        "#E9DECB",
        "#E3CCA6",
        "#B98354",
        "#DBC49C",
        "#C9AE82",
        "#F3E3BC",
        "#C4A171",
        "#6E5137",
        "#4A3527",
        "#DFCEAC",
        "#7A5E4A",
        "#EFD9A0"
      ],
      "radii": [
        "2px",
        "3px",
        "4px",
        "50%"
      ],
      "fontSizes": [
        "0.9rem",
        "2.9rem",
        "3.5rem",
        "4.6rem"
      ],
      "faces": [
        "Brygada X"
      ],
      "tokens": [
        {
          "name": "--st-leaf",
          "value": "#F6ECDC"
        },
        {
          "name": "--st-slip",
          "value": "#FBF4E7"
        },
        {
          "name": "--st-mat",
          "value": "#E3CCA6"
        },
        {
          "name": "--st-mat-2",
          "value": "#E9DECB"
        },
        {
          "name": "--st-ink",
          "value": "#443228"
        },
        {
          "name": "--st-ink-2",
          "value": "#6B5138"
        },
        {
          "name": "--st-sienna",
          "value": "#8C4A26"
        },
        {
          "name": "--st-wash",
          "value": "#EDD6A8"
        },
        {
          "name": "--st-frame",
          "value": "#B98354"
        },
        {
          "name": "--st-dusk",
          "value": "#5C4434"
        },
        {
          "name": "--st-cream",
          "value": "#FBF4E7"
        },
        {
          "name": "--st-cream-2",
          "value": "#F0DFC6"
        },
        {
          "name": "--st-serif",
          "value": "\"Brygada X\", \"Iowan Old Style\", \"Palatino Linotype\", Palatino, Georgia, serif"
        }
      ],
      "animates": true,
      "absent": [
        "no text-shadow anywhere"
      ]
    },
    "design_grammar": {
      "note": "Aesthetary's translation of this record into web primitives. Every value carries a basis: \"record\" is a rule the record holds (cites names it), \"translation\" is our choice derived from the cited rules (because says how), \"not_recorded\" means the record is silent (guidance says what to do). A \"record\" value restates a claim the record holds; its standing is that claim's own kind in the record (a requirement, period practice, modern practice, or our interpretation), which the cited rule states. \"record\" does not by itself make a value a property of the language.",
      "slug": "storybook",
      "version": "2026-09-29",
      "summary": "A starting grammar for a website in Storybook: the opening as the unit, one picture and one passage to each, the picture leading, the turn planned, a warm soft palette and a decorative initial opening each passage.",
      "color": {
        "roles": [
          {
            "role": "leaf",
            "value": "#F6ECDC",
            "use": "The page ground.",
            "basis": "translation",
            "cites": [
              "token_rule:color-5"
            ]
          },
          {
            "role": "ink",
            "value": "#443228",
            "contrast": "10.4:1",
            "use": "Passages and the initial.",
            "basis": "translation",
            "cites": [
              "token_rule:color-5"
            ]
          },
          {
            "role": "ink-2",
            "value": "#6B5138",
            "contrast": "6.3:1",
            "use": "Folios, captions, secondary text.",
            "basis": "translation",
            "cites": [
              "token_rule:color-5"
            ]
          },
          {
            "role": "sienna",
            "value": "#8C4A26",
            "contrast": "5.8:1",
            "use": "Headings, links, the turn.",
            "basis": "translation",
            "cites": [
              "token_rule:color-5"
            ]
          },
          {
            "role": "wash",
            "value": "#EDD6A8",
            "contrast": "8.5:1 (ink)",
            "use": "The ground inside the initial.",
            "basis": "translation",
            "cites": [
              "token_rule:color-5",
              "token_rule:typography-4"
            ]
          },
          {
            "role": "dusk",
            "value": "#5C4434",
            "use": "A darker leaf for the refusal; cream #FBF4E7 text on it at 8.2:1.",
            "basis": "translation",
            "cites": [
              "token_rule:color-5"
            ]
          }
        ],
        "alternates": [
          {
            "label": "Yellow paper",
            "recorded": "yellow paper, Caldecott's picture books",
            "value": "#EFD9A0",
            "basis": "translation",
            "cites": [
              "claim:kcc:surface-2"
            ]
          }
        ],
        "rules": [
          {
            "rule": "Keep the palette warm and soft.",
            "basis": "record",
            "cites": [
              "token_rule:color-5"
            ]
          },
          {
            "rule": "Use these six values: the room's own leaf, inks, sienna, wash and dusk.",
            "basis": "translation",
            "cites": [
              "token_rule:color-5"
            ],
            "because": "The record names the palette's character, not its values; these are the room's."
          },
          {
            "rule": "The sources do not set a period palette as a norm.",
            "basis": "not_recorded",
            "cites": [
              "claim:kcc:surface-1",
              "claim:kcc:surface-2"
            ],
            "guidance": "Evans printed Caldecott's toy books from a dark-brown key, a flesh tint, red, blue, yellow and grey, as few as necessary, on yellow paper. That is one printer's set; do not present it as the palette of the language.",
            "silence": "source"
          }
        ]
      },
      "typography": {
        "family": {
          "stack": "\"Brygada X\", \"Iowan Old Style\", \"Palatino Linotype\", Palatino, Georgia, serif",
          "class": "a book serif with a true italic (the room's Brygada), opened by a decorative initial"
        },
        "roles": [
          {
            "role": "title",
            "size": "clamp(2.4rem, 4.2vw, 3.5rem)",
            "weight": 400,
            "lineHeight": "1.05",
            "case": null,
            "tracking": null,
            "measure": null,
            "use": "The book's title, once."
          },
          {
            "role": "initial",
            "size": "3.6rem",
            "weight": 700,
            "lineHeight": "0.9",
            "case": null,
            "tracking": null,
            "measure": null,
            "use": "The decorative initial, dropped into its framed wash."
          },
          {
            "role": "passage",
            "size": "1.16rem",
            "weight": 400,
            "lineHeight": "1.7",
            "case": null,
            "tracking": null,
            "measure": "38ch",
            "use": "One passage to an opening."
          },
          {
            "role": "heading",
            "size": "1.1rem",
            "weight": 400,
            "lineHeight": "1.35",
            "case": null,
            "tracking": null,
            "measure": null,
            "setting": "italic",
            "use": "Part headings, in sienna."
          }
        ],
        "rules": [
          {
            "rule": "Open each passage with a decorative initial.",
            "basis": "record",
            "cites": [
              "token_rule:typography-4"
            ]
          },
          {
            "rule": "Set passages in a book serif at a short measure, about 38 characters.",
            "basis": "translation",
            "cites": [
              "token_rule:hierarchy-13",
              "token_rule:density-6"
            ],
            "because": "Text is subordinate to the picture and there is one passage to an opening; a short column keeps it beside the image."
          },
          {
            "rule": "Draw the initial as type in a framed wash, never as an image of a letter.",
            "basis": "translation",
            "cites": [
              "token_rule:typography-4"
            ],
            "because": "The initial is the record's selection; as live text it reads with its word."
          },
          {
            "rule": "The sources do not specify a period typeface.",
            "basis": "not_recorded",
            "cites": [],
            "guidance": "Choose a readable book serif; do not claim a Caldecott or Crane face.",
            "silence": "source"
          }
        ]
      },
      "gridLayout": {
        "summary": "Not a column grid: a sequence of openings, each two facing pages, the picture on the wider left page and the passage on the right. On a narrow screen the picture comes first and the passage follows it.",
        "tokens": {
          "opening": "1.15fr 1fr",
          "measure": "38ch",
          "opening-max": "74rem"
        },
        "rules": [
          {
            "rule": "Compose in sequence, illustration-led.",
            "basis": "record",
            "cites": [
              "token_rule:layout-3"
            ]
          },
          {
            "rule": "Treat the opening, two facing pages, as the unit of viewing.",
            "basis": "record",
            "cites": [
              "claim:kcc:form-2"
            ]
          },
          {
            "rule": "Keep each opening sparse: one image, one passage.",
            "basis": "record",
            "cites": [
              "token_rule:density-6"
            ]
          },
          {
            "rule": "Split each opening 1.15 to 1, picture to passage.",
            "basis": "translation",
            "cites": [
              "token_rule:hierarchy-13"
            ],
            "because": "The picture always outranks the text, so it takes the wider page."
          },
          {
            "rule": "Keep essential content out of the gutter.",
            "basis": "translation",
            "cites": [
              "claim:kcc:form-4"
            ],
            "because": "Binding decides whether a picture across the spread survives the gutter; on screen, the split between the two columns is that gutter."
          }
        ]
      },
      "shapeGeometry": {
        "tokens": {
          "radius": "4px 10px 10px 4px",
          "rule": "1px solid #C9AE82",
          "initial-frame": "1px solid #B98354"
        },
        "rules": [
          {
            "rule": "Round the leaf a little more at the fore-edge than at the spine.",
            "basis": "translation",
            "cites": [
              "claim:kcc:form-2"
            ],
            "because": "The unit is two facing pages bound at one edge; the corners say which edge is bound."
          },
          {
            "rule": "Frame the initial with a hairline and four corner dots; nothing else is ornamented.",
            "basis": "translation",
            "cites": [
              "token_rule:typography-4"
            ],
            "because": "The initial is the one ornament the record selects."
          }
        ]
      },
      "imagery": {
        "rules": [
          {
            "rule": "Let illustration outrank text, always.",
            "basis": "record",
            "cites": [
              "token_rule:hierarchy-13"
            ]
          },
          {
            "rule": "Use illustration: drawn artwork reproduced in colour, whether by colour wood engraving or three-colour printing of watercolour.",
            "basis": "record",
            "cites": [
              "claim:kcc:revision-surface-8"
            ]
          },
          {
            "rule": "Do not use photographs.",
            "basis": "record",
            "cites": [
              "claim:failure-4"
            ]
          },
          {
            "rule": "No one medium or finish is required.",
            "basis": "not_recorded",
            "cites": [
              "claim:kcc:revision-surface-8"
            ],
            "guidance": "The category admits a range of media; do not fake a watercolour wash or a painted texture to look period.",
            "silence": "source"
          }
        ]
      },
      "components": {
        "button": {
          "name": "Button",
          "becomes": "The turn: a plain line of italic serif with an arrow, set at the foot of the passage like the word that carries you over the page.",
          "anatomy": [
            "italic serif label in sienna",
            "arrow after the label",
            "hairline rule beneath"
          ],
          "tokens": {
            "color": "#8C4A26",
            "rule": "1px solid #B98354",
            "background": "transparent",
            "radius": "0"
          },
          "states": {
            "default": "Sienna italic on the leaf, hairline beneath.",
            "hover": "The rule thickens to 2px in ink; the arrow moves one space on.",
            "focus": "3px sienna outline, 2px outside.",
            "active": "Ink colour.",
            "disabled": "The ink-2 tone, no rule, no arrow."
          },
          "accessibility": [
            "Label at 5.8:1 on the leaf.",
            "At least 44px tall including padding.",
            "The arrow is decoration; the label says where it goes."
          ],
          "values": [
            {
              "rule": "Make the main action the page turn, not a filled box.",
              "basis": "translation",
              "cites": [
                "claim:kcc:form-3",
                "intent"
              ],
              "because": "The turn is a planned narrative device and the design's job is to control what comes next; the action is the turn."
            },
            {
              "rule": "Set the label as text in the passage's face, subordinate to the picture.",
              "basis": "translation",
              "cites": [
                "token_rule:hierarchy-13"
              ],
              "because": "Illustration always outranks text; a heavy filled button would outrank it."
            }
          ]
        },
        "card": {
          "name": "Card",
          "becomes": "An opening: the picture on the left page, one short passage on the right, a gutter between.",
          "anatomy": [
            "picture on the verso, the wider page",
            "passage on the recto, opened by a decorative initial",
            "gutter shadow between the pages"
          ],
          "tokens": {
            "ground": "#F6ECDC",
            "gutter": "linear-gradient(90deg, transparent, rgba(68,50,40,.14), transparent)",
            "split": "1.15fr 1fr",
            "radius": "4px 10px 10px 4px"
          },
          "states": {
            "default": "Leaf ground, picture left, passage right.",
            "hover": "The recto lifts 2px, as the page does before it is turned.",
            "focus": "3px sienna outline outside the leaf."
          },
          "accessibility": [
            "The picture has a text alternative that tells its part of the story.",
            "The whole opening is one link; the passage is its accessible name."
          ],
          "values": [
            {
              "rule": "Treat two facing pages as the unit of viewing.",
              "basis": "translation",
              "cites": [
                "claim:kcc:form-2"
              ],
              "because": "The cited rule belongs to the Aesthetic's own medium; applying it to a screen component or motion is our translation."
            },
            {
              "rule": "Let the picture lead and the text follow, one image and one passage per opening.",
              "basis": "translation",
              "cites": [
                "token_rule:density-6"
              ],
              "because": "The cited rule belongs to the Aesthetic's own medium; applying it to a screen component or motion is our translation."
            },
            {
              "rule": "Give the picture the wider page.",
              "basis": "translation",
              "cites": [
                "token_rule:hierarchy-13"
              ],
              "because": "Illustration always outranks text; width is how a screen ranks."
            }
          ]
        },
        "input": {
          "name": "Input",
          "becomes": "A ruled line on the leaf, the label above it in italic, the way a book leaves a line for a name.",
          "anatomy": [
            "italic label above",
            "single ink rule beneath the field",
            "leaf ground"
          ],
          "tokens": {
            "border": "0 0 1px solid #443228",
            "background": "#FBF4E7",
            "radius": "0",
            "height": "2.75rem"
          },
          "states": {
            "default": "1px ink rule beneath.",
            "focus": "2px sienna rule and a 3px outline.",
            "error": "Message in sienna italic below, beginning \"Error:\".",
            "disabled": "Dotted rule in ink-2."
          },
          "accessibility": [
            "The label is real text above the field.",
            "Error text is words, not colour alone."
          ],
          "values": [
            {
              "rule": "Rule the field as a single line on the page, not a box.",
              "basis": "translation",
              "cites": [
                "token_rule:color-5",
                "claim:kcc:form-2"
              ],
              "because": "The page is the ground of a printed book; a line to write on keeps it a page."
            },
            {
              "rule": "Forms are not part of the picture book.",
              "basis": "not_recorded",
              "cites": [],
              "guidance": "Keep the field plain; do not dress it as a period bookplate or label.",
              "silence": "source"
            }
          ]
        },
        "navigation": {
          "name": "Navigation",
          "becomes": "A folio line: the openings numbered in order, the current one marked, read front to back.",
          "anatomy": [
            "numbered openings in sequence",
            "current opening in ink with a rule beneath",
            "previous and next as turns"
          ],
          "tokens": {
            "color": "#6B5138",
            "current": "#443228",
            "rule": "2px solid #8C4A26"
          },
          "states": {
            "default": "Ink-2 numerals.",
            "hover": "Underline.",
            "focus": "3px sienna outline.",
            "current": "Ink numeral with a 2px sienna rule beneath."
          },
          "accessibility": [
            "aria-current on the current opening.",
            "Numerals at 6.3:1 on the leaf.",
            "Previous and next are labelled links, not arrows alone."
          ],
          "values": [
            {
              "rule": "Navigate in sequence: previous, the current opening, next.",
              "basis": "translation",
              "cites": [
                "claim:kcc:form-2",
                "claim:intent-negation"
              ],
              "because": "The book is one sequence from cover through endpapers to pictures, and the design refuses showing the whole at once."
            }
          ]
        }
      },
      "motion": {
        "spec": {
          "durations": {
            "turn": "600ms",
            "settle": "400ms"
          },
          "easing": {
            "turn": "cubic-bezier(.2,.7,.2,1)"
          },
          "transforms": "translate and opacity only: the incoming opening slides over the outgoing one.",
          "entrance": "Each opening arrives as a page: it covers the last as the reader scrolls on.",
          "hover": "The recto lifts 2px.",
          "reducedMotion": "A plain sequence of openings; nothing slides, nothing is gated."
        },
        "rules": [
          {
            "rule": "Let scroll drive the narrative.",
            "basis": "translation",
            "cites": [
              "token_rule:motion-14"
            ],
            "because": "The cited rule belongs to the Aesthetic's own medium; applying it to a screen component or motion is our translation."
          },
          {
            "rule": "Plan each turn as a narrative device, never an arbitrary break.",
            "basis": "translation",
            "cites": [
              "claim:kcc:form-3"
            ],
            "because": "The cited rule belongs to the Aesthetic's own medium; applying it to a screen component or motion is our translation."
          },
          {
            "rule": "Make the scroll a page turn: the next opening covers the last.",
            "basis": "translation",
            "cites": [
              "token_rule:motion-14",
              "claim:kcc:form-3"
            ],
            "because": "Scroll-driven narrative, with the turn as the planned device; covering is what a turned page does."
          }
        ]
      },
      "dimensions": [
        {
          "key": "pacing",
          "label": "Pacing",
          "summary": "The design controls what the reader can see before they may see the next thing. Paced sequence is the diagnostic.",
          "tokens": {
            "per-opening": "one image, one passage"
          },
          "values": [
            {
              "rule": "Refuse simultaneous presentation: never let the reader take the whole narrative in at once.",
              "basis": "record",
              "cites": [
                "claim:intent-negation"
              ]
            },
            {
              "rule": "Reveal the structure one opening at a time as the reader advances.",
              "basis": "record",
              "cites": [
                "claim:dcc:gestalt"
              ]
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "notRecorded": [
        {
          "category": "color",
          "what": "Palette values",
          "why": "The record says \"warm soft palette\" and holds no values; one printer's colour blocks are documented, not a norm."
        },
        {
          "category": "typography",
          "what": "A period typeface",
          "why": "Only the decorative initial is selected."
        },
        {
          "category": "imagery",
          "what": "A required medium",
          "why": "Drawn artwork was reproduced in colour by more than one method; painting describes only watercolour originals."
        },
        {
          "category": "components",
          "what": "Interface conventions",
          "why": "The research record does not establish them. The four components are contemporary translations of documented rules."
        },
        {
          "category": "surface",
          "what": "A paper surface",
          "why": "Surface changes with the printing method and is left open by the evidence."
        }
      ],
      "silence": {
        "color": "source",
        "typography": "source",
        "gridLayout": "source",
        "shapeGeometry": "source",
        "imagery": "source",
        "components": "source",
        "motion": "source"
      },
      "uiNote": "The sources do not specify interface conventions for Storybook. These four are contemporary translations of its visual rules."
    }
  }
}