{ "contract": "aesthetary.record/1.0", "record_spec": "1.1.0", "semantics": { "vocabulary": "aesthetary.public-evidence/1.0", "definitions": "vocabulary.json" }, "slug": "bauhaus", "name": "Bauhaus", "identity": { "definition": { "state": "resolved", "text": "The Bauhaus was primarily a school where design was taught; its course explored theories of colour and form, composition, materiality, life drawing and visual analysis. It later moved into a former telephone factory in Berlin and was forced to close in 1933 under Nazi pressure. Reading a single visual language out of this multivocal school is Aesthetary's reading." }, "scope": { "state": "none" }, "aliases": [], "layer_verdict": { "state": "none" } }, "native_medium": { "state": "resolved", "value": [ "architecture", "print_poster", "print", "textile", "wood", "ceramic", "interior" ], "evidence": { "quote": "specialized workshops devoted to specific crafts such as ceramics, weaving, carpentry, printing, metal, or stage design", "field": "kcc.json#bauhaus/medium (claim kcc:medium)" }, "ruling": "Knowledge Completion Campaign (founder instruction, 2026-09-29)" }, "research": { "line": "partly_sourced", "text": "Partly sourced", "sentence": "26 sources attached." }, "areas": [ { "area": "layout", "state": "resolved", "canon": "specified", "importance": "core", "posture_basis": null, "label": { "text": "Core · Specified" } }, { "area": "typography", "state": "resolved", "canon": "specified", "importance": "core", "posture_basis": null, "label": { "text": "Core · Specified" } }, { "area": "color", "state": "resolved", "canon": "not_canonically_specified", "importance": "unknown", "posture_basis": null, "label": { "text": "Not specified by the source" } }, { "area": "imagery", "state": "resolved", "canon": "specified", "importance": "supporting", "posture_basis": null, "label": { "text": "Supporting · Specified" } }, { "area": "surface", "state": "resolved", "canon": "specified", "importance": "unknown", "posture_basis": null, "label": { "text": "Specified" } }, { "area": "interface", "state": "resolved", "canon": "not_canonically_specified", "importance": "none", "posture_basis": null, "label": { "text": "Not specified by the source" } }, { "area": "motion", "state": "resolved", "canon": "not_canonically_specified", "importance": "none", "posture_basis": null, "label": { "text": "Not specified by the source" } }, { "area": "motif", "state": "resolved", "canon": "specified", "importance": "unknown", "posture_basis": null, "label": { "text": "Specified" } }, { "area": "technique", "state": "resolved", "canon": "specified", "importance": "core", "posture_basis": null, "label": { "text": "Core · Specified" } }, { "area": "form", "state": "resolved", "canon": "specified", "importance": "core", "posture_basis": null, "label": { "text": "Core · Specified" } }, { "area": "hierarchy", "state": "resolved", "canon": "specified", "importance": "unknown", "posture_basis": null, "label": { "text": "Specified" } }, { "area": "density", "state": "owed", "owed": "research", "why": "No source has been examined for this yet." } ], "claims": [ { "id": "h-founding", "text": "The Bauhaus was founded in Weimar in 1919 by Walter Gropius.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited_unverified", "for": [ "met-bauhaus" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "unverified", "text": "Documented · Source not yet verified" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "h-aim", "text": "Its founding objective was to reimagine the material world through a unity of the arts.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited_unverified", "for": [ "met-bauhaus" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "unverified", "text": "Documented · Source not yet verified" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "h-curriculum", "text": "Students began with foundational study before entering specialised workshops.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited_unverified", "for": [ "met-bauhaus" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "unverified", "text": "Documented · Source not yet verified" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "h-workshops", "text": "Documented workshops include metalworking, cabinetmaking, weaving, pottery, typography and wall painting.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited_unverified", "for": [ "met-bauhaus" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "unverified", "text": "Documented · Source not yet verified" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "h-foundation-teachers", "text": "Paul Klee, Wassily Kandinsky and Josef Albers took part in foundational teaching.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited_unverified", "for": [ "met-bauhaus" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "unverified", "text": "Documented · Source not yet verified" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "h-disciplines-other", "text": "The school also practised architecture, photography, theatre, painting, product and graphic design.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "h-1923-production", "text": "By 1923 Gropius increasingly emphasised designing for mass production.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited_unverified", "for": [ "met-bauhaus" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "unverified", "text": "Documented · Source not yet verified" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "h-klee-variety", "text": "Klee's Bauhaus-period work was widely varied, including humour, grotesque fantasy and personal investigations of colour and form.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited_unverified", "for": [ "met-bauhaus", "v-klee-ref" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "unverified", "text": "Documented · Source not yet verified" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "h-weimar-character", "text": "The Weimar period could be expressive, experimental and stranger than today's clean geometric stereotype.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "h-periods", "text": "Weimar 1919–1925, Dessau 1925–1932, Berlin 1932–1933.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "h-dessau-move", "text": "The school moved to Dessau in 1925.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited_unverified", "for": [ "met-bauhaus" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "unverified", "text": "Documented · Source not yet verified" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "h-dessau-building", "text": "The Dessau building, designed by Gropius, embodied modern construction: steel framing, glass curtain walls, asymmetry and functional spatial organisation.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited_unverified", "for": [ "met-bauhaus", "v-dessau-building" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "unverified", "text": "Documented · Source not yet verified" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "h-dessau-emphasis", "text": "In Dessau, typography, photography, advertising, furniture and industrial production became increasingly important.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "h-dessau-reception", "text": "Much of what people now recognise as 'Bauhaus' becomes particularly visible in the Dessau period; this describes later reception, not a house style.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "h-directors", "text": "Directors in sequence: Walter Gropius, Hannes Meyer, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "h-berlin", "text": "Under Mies van der Rohe, architecture became increasingly central; political pressure forced a reduced Berlin operation.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "h-closure", "text": "The Bauhaus closed in 1933 under Nazi pressure.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited_unverified", "for": [ "met-bauhaus" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "unverified", "text": "Documented · Source not yet verified" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "h-dispersal", "text": "Its members subsequently carried its ideas internationally.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited_unverified", "for": [ "met-bauhaus", "bauhaus-archiv-after-1933" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "unverified", "text": "Documented · Source not yet verified" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "h-workshop-changes", "text": "How individual workshops changed between periods.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "s-moma-cliches", "text": "MoMA's graphic design department identified primary colours, Bayer-inspired typefaces and circles, squares and triangles as Bauhaus clichés when designing its Bauhaus retrospective.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited_unverified", "for": [ "moma-gd-back-to-school" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "unverified", "text": "Documented · Source not yet verified" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "s-rby-ties", "text": "Red, yellow and blue have legitimate relationships to parts of Bauhaus teaching and works; one strand among several.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "s-shapes", "text": "Circles, squares, triangles, lines and planes appear throughout Bauhaus-related teaching and work.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "s-compression-thesis", "text": "The contemporary 'Bauhaus look' is a compression of real fragments; each is historically real and none is sufficient to define the school.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "s-not-one-style", "text": "Bauhaus was not one fixed visual style.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "t-clarity", "text": "Bauhaus typography stressed visual clarity; promotional materials used sans-serif type and photography as important graphic elements.", "role": "rule", "area": "typography", "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited_unverified", "for": [ "met-bauhaus" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "unverified", "text": "Documented · Source not yet verified" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "strong", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Strong · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "t-new-typography", "text": "Moholy-Nagy's page design and essay 'The New Typography' in the 1923 exhibition catalogue are an early definitive statement of Bauhaus typography: asymmetric layout, sans-serif type, geometric organisation.", "role": "rule", "area": "typography", "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited", "for": [ "lfa-first-book", "v-catalogue-1923" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "attached", "text": "Documented · Source attached" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "strong", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Strong · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "t-bayer-role", "text": "Herbert Bayer was a Bauhaus student, teacher and advocate who later taught advertising, design and typography there.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited_unverified", "for": [ "moma-poelzig" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "unverified", "text": "Documented · Source not yet verified" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "t-universal", "text": "Bayer's 1925 Universal lettering built an alphabet from geometric logic and eliminated separate capitals.", "role": "rule", "area": "typography", "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited", "for": [ "moma-poelzig", "lfa-first-book", "v-universal" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "attached", "text": "Documented · Source attached" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "common", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Common · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "t-universal-metal", "text": "Universal was never produced in metal during its original period.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited_unverified", "for": [ "lfa-first-book" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "unverified", "text": "Documented · Source not yet verified" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "t-poelzig", "text": "Bayer's 1926 Poelzig lecture poster uses sans-serif type, an underlying grid and asymmetric composition for rational organisation; it uses capital letters.", "role": "rule", "area": "layout", "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited", "for": [ "moma-poelzig", "v-poelzig" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "attached", "text": "Documented · Source attached" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "strong", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Strong · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "t-futura", "text": "'Bauhaus used Futura' is a persistent simplification.", "role": "rule", "area": "typography", "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "unreliable", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Unreliable · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "t-all-lowercase", "text": "All-lowercase as a Bauhaus rule.", "role": "rule", "area": "typography", "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "unreliable", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Unreliable · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "t-sans-everywhere", "text": "Sans serif everywhere as a Bauhaus rule.", "role": "rule", "area": "typography", "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "unreliable", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Unreliable · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "t-commercial-faces", "text": "Later commercial geometric typefaces often package a retrospective visual stereotype; a typeface named Bauhaus is not the Bauhaus font.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "t-typeface", "text": "A specific Bauhaus typeface.", "role": "rule", "area": "typography", "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "c-no-palette", "text": "There is no canonical Bauhaus palette; hue is free.", "role": "rule", "area": "color", "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "c-teacher-systems", "text": "Klee, Kandinsky, Albers, the textile and wall-painting workshops and stage design each worked with colour differently.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "g-klee-pedagogy", "text": "Klee's pedagogical work investigated relationships between line, shape, surface, colour and visual space.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited_unverified", "for": [ "bauhaus-archiv-klee" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "unverified", "text": "Documented · Source not yet verified" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "g-investigation", "text": "Geometry in Bauhaus teaching and work was often a means of investigation.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "l-scale", "text": "Large differences of scale rank information.", "role": "rule", "area": "layout", "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "l-strict-grids", "text": "Strict grids everywhere.", "role": "rule", "area": "layout", "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "unreliable", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Unreliable · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "p-new-vision", "text": "Moholy-Nagy promoted what became associated with New Vision photography: viewpoint, light, photograms and the camera's technical possibilities.", "role": "rule", "area": "imagery", "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "strong", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Strong · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "p-moma-environment", "text": "Bayer worked in an environment shaped by Moholy-Nagy's advocacy of New Vision photography.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited_unverified", "for": [ "moma-poelzig" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "unverified", "text": "Documented · Source not yet verified" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "p-photomontage", "text": "Photomontage.", "role": "rule", "area": "imagery", "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "common", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Common · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "m-breuer-stolzl", "text": "Material experiment ranged from Breuer's tubular-steel furniture to Gunta Stölzl's textile workshop, which tested cellophane, fibreglass and metal.", "role": "rule", "area": "form", "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited_unverified", "for": [ "met-bauhaus" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "unverified", "text": "Documented · Source not yet verified" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "strong", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Strong · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "m-start-with-material", "text": "Start with what the thing is made of.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "f-functional-concern", "text": "The school became increasingly concerned with functional design, modern production and clear visual communication.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "f-not-erased", "text": "Production-oriented design did not erase artistic experimentation.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "f-unreliable", "text": "'Function over form', 'form follows function', 'no ornament anywhere' and 'function = plainness' are unreliable descriptions of Bauhaus.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "unreliable", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Unreliable · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "b-swiss-difference", "text": "Bauhaus was a multidisciplinary school; Swiss is a later graphic-design system with greater stylistic consistency.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "b-swiss-lineage", "text": "Bauhaus and broader modernist experiments contributed to the environment Swiss developed from; lineage and influence, not equivalence.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "b-swiss-dates", "text": "Swiss Style: 1947, peak 1950–1970.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "b-swiss-stereotype-parallel", "text": "Swiss has its own withdrawn stereotype (red/black/white; Helvetica required).", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "b-de-stijl", "text": "Bauhaus and De Stijl were separate movements with separate histories and theories; a Mondrian-style red/yellow/blue rectangular composition is not by itself evidence of Bauhaus.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "b-art-deco", "text": "Overlapping period, often divergent philosophies; more complex than ornament versus no ornament.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "b-minimalism", "text": "Bauhaus influenced later modernist reduction but is not synonymous with minimalism.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "arch-diagram", "text": "Walter Gropius’s curriculum diagram, published in the Weimar statutes of July 1922, puts the Preliminary Course on the outermost ring and building at the centre; the school offered no formal courses in architecture until 1927.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited", "for": [ "getty-curriculum" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "attached", "text": "Documented · Source attached" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "cx-less-more", "text": "Less Bauhaus-y. More Bauhaus.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "close-not-formula", "text": "The Bauhaus was not a formula; its designers reconsidered how art, materials, technology, production and everyday life could work together.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "tier-no-necessary", "text": "No visual feature is necessary to every Bauhaus artefact.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "tier-same-device", "text": "“Common” and “Unreliable” can describe the same device: primary colours are common in some practices and unreliable as a rule for the whole school.", "role": "rule", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "common", "set_by": "synthesis", "scope": "Primary colours", "label": { "text": "Common Primary colours · our ranking" } }, { "signal": "unreliable", "set_by": "synthesis", "scope": "Red + yellow + blue", "label": { "text": "Unreliable Red + yellow + blue · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "layout-1", "text": "Asymmetric organisation", "role": "rule", "area": "layout", "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited", "for": [ "moma-poelzig", "lfa-first-book" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "attached", "text": "Documented · Source attached" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "strong", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Strong · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "layout-2", "text": "Underlying grid, in graphic work", "role": "rule", "area": "layout", "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited", "for": [ "moma-poelzig" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "attached", "text": "Documented · Source attached" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "strong", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Strong · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "layout-3", "text": "Large differences of scale", "role": "rule", "area": "layout", "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "layout-4", "text": "Strict grids everywhere", "role": "rule", "area": "layout", "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "unreliable", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Unreliable · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "typography-1", "text": "Clarity; type communicates first", "role": "rule", "area": "typography", "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited_unverified", "for": [ "met-bauhaus" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "unverified", "text": "Documented · Source not yet verified" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "strong", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Strong · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "typography-2", "text": "Sans serif in graphic work", "role": "rule", "area": "typography", "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited", "for": [ "met-bauhaus", "lfa-first-book", "moma-poelzig" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "attached", "text": "Documented · Source attached" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "strong", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Strong · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "typography-3", "text": "Asymmetric setting", "role": "rule", "area": "typography", "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited", "for": [ "lfa-first-book" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "attached", "text": "Documented · Source attached" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "strong", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Strong · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "typography-4", "text": "Lowercase (Bayer's proposal)", "role": "rule", "area": "typography", "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited", "for": [ "moma-poelzig" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "attached", "text": "Documented · Source attached" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "common", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Common · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "typography-5", "text": "Futura; all lowercase; sans everywhere", "role": "rule", "area": "typography", "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "unreliable", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Unreliable · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "typography-6", "text": "A specific typeface", "role": "rule", "area": "typography", "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "color-1", "text": "No canonical palette; hue is free", "role": "rule", "area": "color", "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "cited_unverified", "for": [ "moma-gd-back-to-school" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "color-2", "text": "Primary red, yellow, blue", "role": "rule", "area": "color", "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "common", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Common · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "color-3", "text": "Red + yellow + blue as the rule", "role": "rule", "area": "color", "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "unreliable", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Unreliable · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "imagery-1", "text": "Photography integrated with type", "role": "rule", "area": "imagery", "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited_unverified", "for": [ "met-bauhaus" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "unverified", "text": "Documented · Source not yet verified" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "strong", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Strong · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "imagery-2", "text": "Experimental photography: viewpoint, light, photograms", "role": "rule", "area": "imagery", "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "strong", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Strong · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "imagery-3", "text": "Photomontage", "role": "rule", "area": "imagery", "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "common", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Common · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "surface-1", "text": "No ornament anywhere", "role": "rule", "area": "surface", "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "unreliable", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Unreliable · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "motion-1", "text": "The stage: body, space, geometry, costume, movement, light", "role": "rule", "area": "motion", "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "motif-1", "text": "Circles, squares, triangles; abstract geometry", "role": "rule", "area": "motif", "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "common", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Common · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "motif-2", "text": "Circles + triangles + squares as a signature", "role": "rule", "area": "motif", "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "unreliable", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Unreliable · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "technique-1", "text": "Craft workshops as the basis of teaching", "role": "rule", "area": "technique", "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited_unverified", "for": [ "met-bauhaus" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "unverified", "text": "Documented · Source not yet verified" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "technique-2", "text": "Design for mass production, from 1923", "role": "rule", "area": "technique", "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited_unverified", "for": [ "met-bauhaus" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "unverified", "text": "Documented · Source not yet verified" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "strong", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Strong · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "technique-3", "text": "Design appropriate to production technology", "role": "rule", "area": "technique", "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "form-1", "text": "Steel frame, glass curtain wall, functional spatial organisation", "role": "rule", "area": "form", "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited_unverified", "for": [ "met-bauhaus" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "unverified", "text": "Documented · Source not yet verified" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "strong", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Strong · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "form-2", "text": "Industrial materials; tubular steel", "role": "rule", "area": "form", "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited_unverified", "for": [ "met-bauhaus" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "unverified", "text": "Documented · Source not yet verified" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "strong", "set_by": "synthesis", "scope": "Industrial materials", "label": { "text": "Strong Industrial materials · our ranking" } }, { "signal": "common", "set_by": "synthesis", "scope": "Tubular steel, a particular practice (Breuer)", "label": { "text": "Common Tubular steel, a particular practice (Breuer) · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "form-3", "text": "Flat roofs; white architecture; minimalism as rules", "role": "rule", "area": "form", "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "unreliable", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Unreliable · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "unreliable-1", "text": "Red + yellow + blue", "role": "diagnostic", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "unreliable", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Unreliable · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "unreliable-2", "text": "Futura", "role": "diagnostic", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "unreliable", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Unreliable · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "unreliable-3", "text": "All lowercase", "role": "diagnostic", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "unreliable", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Unreliable · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "unreliable-4", "text": "Circles + triangles + squares", "role": "diagnostic", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "unreliable", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Unreliable · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "unreliable-5", "text": "White architecture", "role": "diagnostic", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "unreliable", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Unreliable · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "unreliable-6", "text": "No ornament anywhere", "role": "diagnostic", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "unreliable", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Unreliable · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "unreliable-7", "text": "Strict grids everywhere", "role": "diagnostic", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "unreliable", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Unreliable · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "unreliable-8", "text": "Sans serif everywhere", "role": "diagnostic", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "unreliable", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Unreliable · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "unreliable-9", "text": "Minimalism", "role": "diagnostic", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "unreliable", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Unreliable · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "unreliable-10", "text": "Form follows function", "role": "diagnostic", "area": null, "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "strength": [ { "signal": "unreliable", "set_by": "synthesis", "label": { "text": "Unreliable · our ranking" } } ], "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "meta-name-status", "text": "name status: A historical school; the name is its own", "role": "history", "area": null, "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "none", "text": "No source attached" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": "D0-3 C6 meta" }, { "id": "meta-places", "text": "places: Weimar → Dessau → Berlin", "role": "history", "area": null, "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "none", "text": "No source attached" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": "D0-3 C6 meta" }, { "id": "interface-reason", "text": "Bauhaus predates interactive media.", "role": "context", "area": "interface", "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "motion-reason", "text": "For the web. Stage work is a historical discipline, not a web motion system.", "role": "context", "area": "motion", "basis": "synthesis", "support": { "state": "none", "for": [], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "reading", "text": "Our reading" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "kcc:motif-1", "text": "A specific colour–form pairing is documented as Kandinsky's hypothesis: yellow triangle, red square, blue circle. He tested it with a 1923 questionnaire in the Weimar wall-painting workshop.", "role": "context", "area": "motif", "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited", "for": [ "kcc-bauhaus-S12", "kcc-bauhaus-S13", "kcc-bauhaus-S11" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "attached", "text": "Documented · Source attached" }, "scope": { "practice": "Kandinsky's teaching, 1923; one master's theory" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "kcc:motif-3", "text": "Geometric shapes and lines were teaching material, as in Klee's Pedagogical Sketchbook.", "role": "context", "area": "motif", "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited", "for": [ "kcc-bauhaus-S7" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "attached", "text": "Documented · Source attached" }, "scope": { "practice": "Klee, Bauhausbücher 2, 1925" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "kcc:w2-surface-1", "text": "In the preliminary course, Itten's teaching centred on individual sensitivity to material, texture, colour and natural form, and students did experiments with colour, form and material.", "role": "context", "area": "surface", "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited", "for": [ "kcc-bauhaus-W2S8", "kcc-bauhaus-W2S10" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "attached", "text": "Documented · Source attached" }, "scope": { "practice": "Preliminary course pedagogy, Weimar, from 1920" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "kcc:w2-surface-2", "text": "The Bauhaus-Archiv says the preliminary-course lessons it describes centred on the study of different materials and their properties; the Getty says Albers's matter exercises focused on surface structure, facture and texture.", "role": "rule", "area": "surface", "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited", "for": [ "kcc-bauhaus-W2S10", "kcc-bauhaus-W2S9" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "attached", "text": "Documented · Source attached" }, "scope": { "practice": "Preliminary course exercises, 1923–1932; not a statement about finished graphic work" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "kcc:w2-surface-3", "text": "Albers's exercises included making one material imitate another's surface, e.g. paper made to look like velvet.", "role": "context", "area": "surface", "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited", "for": [ "kcc-bauhaus-W2S9" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "attached", "text": "Documented · Source attached" }, "scope": { "practice": "Albers's preliminary course" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "kcc:w2-hierarchy-1", "text": "Moholy-Nagy's 1923 programme put clarity and legibility of the message first, above any prior aesthetic.", "role": "rule", "area": "hierarchy", "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited", "for": [ "kcc-bauhaus-W2S11" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "attached", "text": "Documented · Source attached" }, "scope": { "practice": "Moholy-Nagy, 'The New Typography', 1923 Bauhaus exhibition catalogue" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "kcc:w2-hierarchy-2", "text": "The same text makes the form of the printed page follow its content, and admits all typefaces, type sizes, geometric forms and colours as means.", "role": "rule", "area": "hierarchy", "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited", "for": [ "kcc-bauhaus-W2S11" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "attached", "text": "Documented · Source attached" }, "scope": { "practice": "Moholy-Nagy 1923" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "kcc:w2-hierarchy-3", "text": "Change of size and its effect was a set exercise in Joost Schmidt's advertising class around 1930.", "role": "context", "area": "hierarchy", "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited", "for": [ "kcc-bauhaus-W2S12" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "attached", "text": "Documented · Source attached" }, "scope": { "practice": "Advertising department teaching, Dessau c.1930" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "kcc:definition", "text": "The Bauhaus was primarily a school where design was taught; its course explored theories of colour and form, composition, materiality, life drawing and visual analysis. It later moved into a former telephone factory in Berlin and was forced to close in 1933 under Nazi pressure. Reading a single visual language out of this multivocal school is Aesthetary's reading.", "role": "definition", "area": null, "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited", "for": [ "kcc-bauhaus-S1", "kcc-bauhaus-S10", "kcc-bauhaus-S6", "kcc-bauhaus-S9", "kcc-bauhaus-S8", "kcc-bauhaus-S7" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "attached", "text": "Documented · Source attached" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "kcc:medium", "text": "Native medium: architecture, print_poster, print, textile, wood, ceramic, interior.", "role": "context", "area": null, "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited", "for": [ "kcc-bauhaus-S1", "kcc-bauhaus-S6" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "attached", "text": "Documented · Source attached" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "kcc:answers-rd-meta-met", "text": "URL https://www.metmuseum.org/essays/the-bauhaus-1919-1933 (formerly /toah/hd/bauh/hd_bauh.htm); author Alexandra Griffith Winton; August 2007, last revised October 2016.", "role": "context", "area": null, "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited", "for": [ "kcc-bauhaus-W2S1" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "attached", "text": "Documented · Source attached" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "kcc:answers-rd-meta-moma-gd", "text": "URL http://www.moma.org/explore/inside_out/2009/11/06/bauhaus-the-graphic-design-department-goes-back-to-school, posted 6 November 2009, 10:15 a.m., by August Heffner, Design Manager, Graphic Design (confirmed via the Wayback copy).", "role": "context", "area": null, "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited", "for": [ "kcc-bauhaus-W2S2" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "attached", "text": "Documented · Source attached" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "kcc:answers-rd-meta-ba", "text": "'After 1933' was http://www.bauhaus.de/en/das_bauhaus/81_nach_1933/ (archived). The Klee passage is on the archived Bauhaus-Archiv page for Bauhausbücher 2, /en/bauhaus-archiv/2129_publikationen/5300_bauhausbuecher_2/.", "role": "context", "area": null, "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited", "for": [ "kcc-bauhaus-W2S4", "kcc-bauhaus-W2S5" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "attached", "text": "Documented · Source attached" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "kcc:answers-rd-src-bayer-role", "text": "MoMA's artist text for Bayer states he was one of the Bauhaus's most influential students, teachers and proponents, and taught advertising, design and typography; re-cite t-bayer-role to it.", "role": "context", "area": null, "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited", "for": [ "kcc-bauhaus-W2S3" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "attached", "text": "Documented · Source attached" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "kcc:answers-rd-src-moma-environment", "text": "The same MoMA artist text says that in Bayer's teaching years the school was fertile ground for the New Vision photography Moholy-Nagy promoted; re-cite p-moma-environment to it.", "role": "context", "area": null, "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited", "for": [ "kcc-bauhaus-W2S3" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "attached", "text": "Documented · Source attached" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null }, { "id": "kcc:answers-rd-src-universal-metal", "text": "MoMA's 2009 graphic-design post states Bayer's design was never turned into a metal typeface, so students redrew the letters; re-cite t-universal-metal to it (the source says 'never', with no period limit).", "role": "context", "area": null, "basis": "documentary", "support": { "state": "cited", "for": [ "kcc-bauhaus-W2S2" ], "against": [], "contested": false }, "label": { "kind": "documented", "mark": "attached", "text": "Documented · Source attached" }, "derives_from": [], "ruling": null } ], "web_translations": [ { "id": "g-structural", "text": "Use geometry structurally, not decoratively by default.", "target": null, "area": null, "label": { "kind": "translation", "text": "Web translation" }, "derives_from": [ "area:motif", "g-investigation" ] }, { "id": "m-web-materials", "text": "The web's materials are type, image, viewport, interaction, time, data and code.", "target": null, "area": null, "label": { "kind": "translation", "text": "Web translation" }, "derives_from": [ "m-start-with-material", "area:technique" ] }, { "id": "f-why-here", "text": "Ask why an element is here; communication, use, production, experiment, expression, play, material investigation and spatial organisation are valid answers; 'it looks Bauhaus' is not.", "target": null, "area": null, "label": { "kind": "translation", "text": "Web translation" }, "derives_from": [ "f-not-erased", "f-unreliable" ] }, { "id": "arch-curriculum", "text": "The page is arranged after a Bauhaus curriculum diagram (outer course, workshops, building at the centre); mapping Aesthetary's Build to the centre is Aesthetary's.", "target": null, "area": null, "label": { "kind": "translation", "text": "Web translation" }, "derives_from": [ "arch-diagram" ] }, { "id": "cx-method", "text": "Question, remove what only imitates, rebuild: questioning does not converge on one look.", "target": null, "area": null, "label": { "kind": "translation", "text": "Web translation" }, "derives_from": [ "cx-less-more", "s-compression-thesis" ] }, { "id": "close-challenge", "text": "Don't copy the shapes; copy the questioning.", "target": null, "area": null, "label": { "kind": "translation", "text": "Web translation" }, "derives_from": [ "close-not-formula" ] }, { "id": "a11y-principle", "text": "Preserve experimentation visually; preserve meaning semantically.", "target": null, "area": null, "label": { "kind": "translation", "text": "Web translation" }, "derives_from": { "state": "owed", "owed": "judgment", "why": "Which canon claim or area this translates is not yet recorded." } }, { "id": "layout-translation", "text": "Asymmetric web grid around a visible axis; no column count, module or measure claimed as Bauhaus.", "target": null, "area": "layout", "label": { "kind": "translation", "text": "Web translation" }, "derives_from": [ "area:layout" ] }, { "id": "typography-translation", "text": "Rank by weight, position and scale; keep text live and legible. Any grotesque may stand in; none is 'the Bauhaus font'.", "target": null, "area": "typography", "label": { "kind": "translation", "text": "Web translation" }, "derives_from": [ "area:typography" ] }, { "id": "color-translation", "text": "Use colour for a stated job. Contrast ≥ 4.5:1 is modern practice, not Bauhaus.", "target": null, "area": "color", "label": { "kind": "translation", "text": "Web translation" }, "derives_from": [ "area:color" ] }, { "id": "imagery-translation", "text": "Image and type composed on shared edges and axes; crop as a decision.", "target": null, "area": "imagery", "label": { "kind": "translation", "text": "Web translation" }, "derives_from": [ "area:imagery" ] }, { "id": "interface-translation", "text": "Components derived from principles: button, navigation, content module, form, image module.", "target": null, "area": "interface", "label": { "kind": "translation", "text": "Web translation" }, "derives_from": [ "area:interface" ] }, { "id": "motion-translation", "text": "Movement reveals structure along axes, between states that make sense at rest. No timing exported.", "target": null, "area": "motion", "label": { "kind": "translation", "text": "Web translation" }, "derives_from": [ "area:motion" ] }, { "id": "motif-translation", "text": "Use geometry structurally, not decoratively by default.", "target": null, "area": "motif", "label": { "kind": "translation", "text": "Web translation" }, "derives_from": [ "area:motif" ] }, { "id": "technique-translation", "text": "Design for how the web is made: live text, responsive layout, code.", "target": null, "area": "technique", "label": { "kind": "translation", "text": "Web translation" }, "derives_from": [ "area:technique" ] } ], "standard_practice": [], "sources": [ { "id": "met-bauhaus", "kind": "source", "title": "The Bauhaus, 1919–1933", "url": null, "status": "verified", "retrieval": "retrieved" }, { "id": "moma-gd-back-to-school", "kind": "source", "title": "Bauhaus: The Graphic Design Department Goes Back to School", "url": null, "status": "verified", "retrieval": "retrieved" }, { "id": "moma-poelzig", "kind": "source", "title": "Herbert Bayer, poster for a Hans Poelzig lecture, 1926", "url": "https://www.moma.org/collection/works/5101", "status": "verified", "retrieval": "retrieved" }, { "id": "lfa-first-book", "kind": "source", "title": "The Bauhaus's First Book", "url": "https://exhibitions.letterformarchive.org/bauhaus/walkthroughs/the-first-bauhaus-book-the-1923-exhibition-catalog", "status": "verified", "retrieval": "retrieved" }, { "id": "bauhaus-archiv-klee", "kind": "source", "title": "Paul Klee's pedagogical work", "url": null, "status": "verified", "retrieval": "retrieved" }, { "id": "bauhaus-archiv-after-1933", "kind": "source", "title": "After 1933", "url": null, "status": "verified", "retrieval": "retrieved" }, { "id": "getty-curriculum", "kind": "source", "title": "Bauhaus: Building the New Artist — Principles and Curriculum", "url": "https://www.getty.edu/research/exhibitions_events/exhibitions/bauhaus/new_artist/history/principles_curriculum/", "status": "verified", "retrieval": "retrieved" }, { "id": "kcc-bauhaus-S1", "kind": "source", "title": "The Bauhaus, 1919–1933 (Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History)", "url": "https://www.metmuseum.org/essays/the-bauhaus-1919-1933", "status": "unresolved", "retrieval": "not_retrieved" }, { "id": "kcc-bauhaus-S10", "kind": "source", "title": "Ein Ausblick auf die neue Präsentation unserer Sammlung", "url": "https://www.bauhaus.de/entdecken/artikel/ein-ausblick-auf-die-neue-prasentation-unserer-sammlung/", "status": "verified", "retrieval": "retrieved" }, { "id": "kcc-bauhaus-S11", "kind": "source", "title": "Wassily Kandinsky’s 1923 Questionnaire to determine the synthetic relations between color and form (2021.169)", "url": "https://harvardartmuseums.org/collections/object/372864", "status": "verified", "retrieval": "retrieved" }, { "id": "kcc-bauhaus-S12", "kind": "source", "title": "Kandinsky’s Bauhaus Questionnaire (article abstract)", "url": "https://meiner-elibrary.de/article/1709/kandinskyrsquos-bauhaus-questionnaire", "status": "verified", "retrieval": "retrieved" }, { "id": "kcc-bauhaus-S13", "kind": "source", "title": "Bauhaus: The Importance of Shapes", "url": "https://artsandculture.google.com/story/bauhaus-the-importance-of-shapes-the-centre-pompidou/OwURAJwcVUkTow?hl=en", "status": "verified", "retrieval": "retrieved" }, { "id": "kcc-bauhaus-S6", "kind": "source", "title": "Principles and Curriculum (Bauhaus: Building the New Artist)", "url": "https://www.getty.edu/research/exhibitions_events/exhibitions/bauhaus/new_artist/history/principles_curriculum/", "status": "verified", "retrieval": "retrieved" }, { "id": "kcc-bauhaus-S7", "kind": "source", "title": "Bauhausbücher 2 – Paul Klee: Pedagogical Sketchbook", "url": "https://www.bauhaus.de/en/research/publications/bauhausbuecher-2-paul-kleepedagogical-sketchbook/", "status": "verified", "retrieval": "retrieved" }, { "id": "kcc-bauhaus-S8", "kind": "source", "title": "The Bauhaus in Exile: What Happened After its Closure in 1933", "url": "https://www.bauhaus.de/en/discover/article/the-bauhaus-in-exile/", "status": "verified", "retrieval": "retrieved" }, { "id": "kcc-bauhaus-S9", "kind": "source", "title": "Our history (Part 1): How the memory of the Bauhaus was rescued from oblivion", "url": "https://www.bauhaus.de/en/discover/article/our-history-part-1-how-the-memory-of-the-bauhaus-was-rescued-from-oblivion/", "status": "verified", "retrieval": "retrieved" }, { "id": "kcc-bauhaus-W2S1", "kind": "source", "title": "The Bauhaus, 1919–1933 (Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History; Wayback snapshot 2026-06-10, live page returns 429 to scripted fetch)", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260610000321id_/https://www.metmuseum.org/essays/the-bauhaus-1919-1933", "status": "verified", "retrieval": "retrieved" }, { "id": "kcc-bauhaus-W2S10", "kind": "source", "title": "Preliminary Course, Workshops and Bauhaus Diploma: What Made Training at the Bauhaus So Special?", "url": "https://www.bauhaus.de/en/discover/article/teaching-at-the-bauhaus", "status": "verified", "retrieval": "retrieved" }, { "id": "kcc-bauhaus-W2S11", "kind": "source", "title": "The New Typography (László Moholy-Nagy, 1923; reprinted text)", "url": "https://www.readingdesign.org/the-new-typography", "status": "verified", "retrieval": "retrieved" }, { "id": "kcc-bauhaus-W2S12", "kind": "source", "title": "Printing and advertising workshop", "url": "https://bauhauskooperation.de/en/knowledge/the-bauhaus/training/workshops/printing-and-advertising-workshop", "status": "verified", "retrieval": "retrieved" }, { "id": "kcc-bauhaus-W2S2", "kind": "source", "title": "Bauhaus: The Graphic Design Department Goes Back to School (Inside/Out blog; Wayback snapshot 2009-11-09, live page 403)", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20091109014556id_/http://www.moma.org:80/explore/inside_out/2009/11/06/bauhaus-the-graphic-design-department-goes-back-to-school", "status": "verified", "retrieval": "retrieved" }, { "id": "kcc-bauhaus-W2S3", "kind": "source", "title": "Herbert Bayer | Object:Photo | MoMA (artist text; Wayback snapshot 2015-05-09, live page 403)", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20150509231818id_/http://www.moma.org/interactives/objectphoto/artists/399.html", "status": "verified", "retrieval": "retrieved" }, { "id": "kcc-bauhaus-W2S4", "kind": "source", "title": "After 1933 - Bauhaus-Archiv (former bauhaus.de page; Wayback snapshot 2016-04-04)", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20160404163419id_/http://www.bauhaus.de/en/das_bauhaus/81_nach_1933/", "status": "verified", "retrieval": "retrieved" }, { "id": "kcc-bauhaus-W2S5", "kind": "source", "title": "Bauhaus Books 2 - Publications - Bauhaus-Archiv (former bauhaus.de page; Wayback snapshot 2019-08-22)", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20190822163643id_/https://www.bauhaus.de/en/bauhaus-archiv/2129_publikationen/5300_bauhausbuecher_2/", "status": "verified", "retrieval": "retrieved" }, { "id": "kcc-bauhaus-W2S8", "kind": "source", "title": "Learning with Itten (Bauhaus: Building the New Artist)", "url": "https://www.getty.edu/research/exhibitions_events/exhibitions/bauhaus/new_artist/matter_materials/itten/", "status": "verified", "retrieval": "retrieved" }, { "id": "kcc-bauhaus-W2S9", "kind": "source", "title": "Learning with Albers (Bauhaus: Building the New Artist)", "url": "https://www.getty.edu/research/exhibitions_events/exhibitions/bauhaus/new_artist/matter_materials/albers/", "status": "verified", "retrieval": "retrieved" } ], "relations": [], "open": [ { "kind": "open_question", "question": "Director transition years (Gropius → Meyer → Mies)." }, { "kind": "open_question", "question": "Which workshops existed, changed or closed in each period." }, { "kind": "open_question", "question": "A direct source for “increasingly concerned with functional design, modern production and clear visual communication”." }, { "kind": "open_question", "question": "Which works and which teaching tie red, yellow and blue to the Bauhaus." }, { "kind": "open_question", "question": "Whether a specific colour–form pairing is documented. Do not name a candidate on the page until it is sourced." }, { "kind": "open_question", "question": "When and how the combined shorthand formed." }, { "kind": "open_question", "question": "Sources for each teacher’s and workshop’s colour practice." }, { "kind": "open_question", "question": "Confirm the capitals directly from the licensed image of the Poelzig poster." }, { "kind": "open_question", "question": "Examples of non-sans Bauhaus printed matter." }, { "kind": "open_question", "question": "A direct source for New Vision practice (photograms, viewpoint)." }, { "kind": "open_question", "question": "Named photographic works, including a specific Moholy-Nagy photogram and its holding institution." }, { "kind": "open_question", "question": "A source and a specific work for Schlemmer and the stage." }, { "kind": "open_question", "question": "Specific print and photographic processes." }, { "kind": "open_question", "question": "Painting — a specific Klee work (Met)." }, { "kind": "open_question", "question": "Weaving — a specific Stölzl textile (Met)." }, { "kind": "open_question", "question": "Cabinetmaking — a specific Breuer tubular-steel object (Met)." }, { "kind": "open_question", "question": "Metal workshop — an artefact." }, { "kind": "open_question", "question": "Pottery workshop — an artefact." }, { "kind": "open_question", "question": "Wall-painting workshop — an artefact." }, { "kind": "open_question", "question": "Photograph of the Dessau building, with photographer credit." }, { "kind": "open_question", "question": "Licence for the Poelzig poster image." }, { "kind": "open_question", "question": "Licence for the Universal image." }, { "kind": "open_question", "question": "Layout principles in non-graphic media." }, { "kind": "open_question", "question": "Anything at all about surface: finish, texture, elevation." }, { "kind": "open_question", "question": "A direct source for the Bauhaus → Swiss lineage." }, { "kind": "open_question", "question": "Aesthetary has no De Stijl record; the boundary stays one-sided." }, { "kind": "missing_research", "question": "rd-layout-media" }, { "kind": "missing_research", "question": "rd-non-sans" }, { "kind": "missing_research", "question": "rd-poelzig-capitals" }, { "kind": "missing_research", "question": "rd-rby-artefacts" }, { "kind": "missing_research", "question": "rd-colour-sources" }, { "kind": "missing_research", "question": "rd-photo-works" }, { "kind": "missing_research", "question": "rd-photo-source" }, { "kind": "missing_research", "question": "rd-surface" }, { "kind": "missing_research", "question": "rd-schlemmer" }, { "kind": "missing_research", "question": "rd-shape-colour-pairing" }, { "kind": "missing_research", "question": "rd-processes" }, { "kind": "open_question", "question": "[filed on influences bauhaus] [form_module] A1: this language is native to substrate \"built_space\". Author a form module (substrate + transfer_note), or set depth_policy influence_only." }, { "kind": "missing_research", "question": "When did the Bauhaus move to Berlin: 1930 or 1932?" }, { "kind": "missing_research", "question": "Density in Bauhaus work." }, { "kind": "missing_research", "question": "Image licences for the Poelzig poster and Universal lettering." }, { "kind": "missing_research", "question": "The untraced translation owed by D0-12." } ], "aesthetary_build": { "note": "Values Aesthetary built with. Not claims about the Aesthetic.", "measured": { "note": "Read from the page's own stylesheet at build time. Values Aesthetary built with, not claims about the Aesthetic.", "slug": "bauhaus", "stylesheet": "bauhaus.css", "bytes": 69405, "colours": [ "#ECE6DA", "#F4F0E8", "#F7F4EE", "#1A1916", "#4A4740", "#C9C1B2", "#121210", "#B8B2A6", "#2E5E4E", "#B7862B", "#6E6A61", "#5A3700", "#F3E6C4", "#6A4300", "#8FC7B2", "#D8342A", "#F2C230", "#2656A6", "#33312B", "#E2DACB", "#6B665C", "#1C1B18", "#D9D2C3", "#3A3833", "#E6D7BA", "#D7DBD6", "#8E3B2E", "#5B4A7A", "#D9C8A4", "#DDE0DC", "#22211C", "#2B2723", "#E6DFD3", "#8F887C", "#AD6A50", "#8FB5A5", "#737780", "#92959C", "#5E6168", "#5A5750", "#2A2925", "#7E838C", "#9DA2AA", "#6C7179", "#C9D4D1", "#6C7A77", "#B7834F", "#A56F3E", "#C28E58", "#D9C9A3", "#F3EFE5", "#CFC6B4", "#D6CEBF", "#8C877C" ], "radii": [ "50%" ], "fontSizes": [ ".45em", "9px", "10px", "11px", "12px", "13px", "14px", "15px", "16px", "17px", "18px", "19px", "20px", "21px", "22px", "24px", "26px", "28px", "30px", "32px", "34px", "40px", "44px", "58px" ], "faces": [ "BH Archivo", "BH Plex Mono" ], "tokens": [ { "name": "--ground", "value": "#ECE6DA" }, { "name": "--ground2", "value": "#F4F0E8" }, { "name": "--card", "value": "#F7F4EE" }, { "name": "--ink", "value": "#1A1916" }, { "name": "--ink2", "value": "#4A4740" }, { "name": "--rule", "value": "#C9C1B2" }, { "name": "--dark", "value": "#121210" }, { "name": "--on-dark", "value": "#ECE6DA" }, { "name": "--on-dark2", "value": "#B8B2A6" }, { "name": "--verd", "value": "#2E5E4E" }, { "name": "--ochre", "value": "#B7862B" }, { "name": "--mid", "value": "#6E6A61" }, { "name": "--debt-tx", "value": "#5A3700" }, { "name": "--debt-bg", "value": "#F3E6C4" }, { "name": "--debt-bd", "value": "#6A4300" }, { "name": "--d", "value": "\"BH Archivo\", \"Archivo\", system-ui, -apple-system, \"Segoe UI\", sans-serif" }, { "name": "--m", "value": "\"BH Plex Mono\", \"IBM Plex Mono\", ui-monospace, \"SF Mono\", Menlo, monospace" }, { "name": "--pad", "value": "56px" }, { "name": "--bh-r", "value": "#D8342A" }, { "name": "--bh-y", "value": "#F2C230" }, { "name": "--bh-b", "value": "#2656A6" }, { "name": "--solid", "value": "hover { background: #33312b" }, { "name": "--glass", "value": ":before, .bh-mats--glass::after { content: \"\"" }, { "name": "--paper", "value": ":before { content: \"\"" }, { "name": "--photographic", "value": ":before { content: \"\"" }, { "name": "--px", "value": "47.4%" }, { "name": "--py", "value": "35.7%" }, { "name": "--pw", "value": "16.4%" }, { "name": "--ph", "value": "28.6%" }, { "name": "--pr", "value": "-12deg" }, { "name": "--ax", "value": "55.6%" } ], "animates": true, "absent": [ "no text-shadow anywhere" ] }, "design_grammar": { "note": "Aesthetary's translation of this record into web primitives. Every value carries a basis: \"record\" is a rule the record holds (cites names it), \"translation\" is our choice derived from the cited rules (because says how), \"not_recorded\" means the record is silent (guidance says what to do). A \"record\" value restates a claim the record holds; its standing is that claim's own kind in the record (a requirement, period practice, modern practice, or our interpretation), which the cited rule states. \"record\" does not by itself make a value a property of the language.", "slug": "bauhaus", "version": "2026-09-29", "summary": "A starting grammar for a website that takes the Bauhaus's questions rather than its shorthand: clarity first, asymmetry on an underlying grid, image and type composed together, and no palette or typeface that pretends to be the school's.", "color": { "roles": [ { "role": "ground", "value": "#ECE6DA", "use": "The page ground.", "basis": "translation", "cites": [ "claim:c-no-palette" ] }, { "role": "ink", "value": "#1A1916", "contrast": "14.1:1", "use": "Text, rules, the button field.", "basis": "translation", "cites": [ "claim:c-no-palette", "claim:t-clarity" ] }, { "role": "ink-2", "value": "#4A4740", "contrast": "7.5:1", "use": "Secondary text and labels.", "basis": "translation", "cites": [ "claim:c-no-palette" ] }, { "role": "accent", "value": "#2E5E4E", "contrast": "6.0:1", "use": "One accent, any hue you choose; this one is ours.", "basis": "translation", "cites": [ "claim:c-no-palette" ] } ], "alternates": [ { "label": "Accent, ochre", "value": "#B7862B", "basis": "translation", "cites": [ "claim:c-no-palette" ] } ], "rules": [ { "rule": "There is no canonical Bauhaus palette; hue is free.", "basis": "record", "cites": [ "claim:c-no-palette" ] }, { "rule": "Red, yellow and blue are not the rule.", "basis": "not_recorded", "cites": [ "claim:color-3", "claim:kcc:motif-1" ], "guidance": "Use primaries only when the work has a reason for them. Kandinsky's yellow triangle, red square and blue circle was one master's hypothesis, not a school rule.", "silence": "source" }, { "rule": "Choose one accent and keep text in ink.", "basis": "translation", "cites": [ "claim:c-no-palette", "claim:kcc:w2-hierarchy-1" ], "because": "Hue is free; clarity of the message comes first." } ] }, "typography": { "family": { "stack": "\"BH Archivo\", Archivo, system-ui, sans-serif", "class": "a contemporary sans (the room's choice, not a Bauhaus face), with IBM Plex Mono for labels" }, "roles": [ { "role": "display", "size": "clamp(2.25rem, 5vw, 4.25rem)", "weight": 800, "lineHeight": "0.95", "case": null, "tracking": null, "measure": null, "use": "Headlines; scale ranks them." }, { "role": "body", "size": "1.0625rem", "weight": 400, "lineHeight": "1.5", "case": null, "tracking": null, "measure": "62ch", "use": "Everything read at length." }, { "role": "label", "size": "0.75rem", "weight": 400, "lineHeight": "1.45", "case": null, "tracking": null, "measure": null, "use": "Captions and labels, in the mono." } ], "tokens": { "font-label": "\"BH Plex Mono\", \"IBM Plex Mono\", ui-monospace, monospace" }, "rules": [ { "rule": "Put the clarity and legibility of the message first.", "basis": "record", "cites": [ "claim:kcc:w2-hierarchy-1" ] }, { "rule": "Let the page's form follow its content; any typeface, size, geometric form or colour is admissible as a means.", "basis": "record", "cites": [ "claim:kcc:w2-hierarchy-2" ] }, { "rule": "Sans serif is a strong tendency in graphic work.", "basis": "record", "cites": [ "claim:typography-2" ] }, { "rule": "The sources name no Bauhaus typeface, and all-lowercase is not a rule.", "basis": "not_recorded", "cites": [ "claim:t-futura", "claim:t-all-lowercase", "claim:typography-6" ], "guidance": "Choose a legible sans for the job; do not reach for Futura or a face named Bauhaus.", "silence": "source" }, { "rule": "Use Archivo for display and text, IBM Plex Mono for labels.", "basis": "translation", "cites": [ "claim:typography-2", "claim:t-clarity" ], "because": "The room's faces: a plain sans whose widths can carry scale, and a mono for the working notes." } ] }, "gridLayout": { "summary": "An underlying grid with the composition hung off-centre: our page uses a five-twelfths axis.", "columns": [ { "width": "≥ 960px", "columns": 12 }, { "width": "600–959px", "columns": 6 }, { "width": "< 600px", "columns": 1 } ], "gutter": "24px", "margin": "clamp(16px, 5vw, 56px)", "tokens": { "axis": "41.667%" }, "rules": [ { "rule": "Organise asymmetrically.", "basis": "record", "cites": [ "claim:layout-1" ] }, { "rule": "Work over an underlying grid in graphic work.", "basis": "record", "cites": [ "claim:layout-2" ] }, { "rule": "Rank information by large differences of scale.", "basis": "record", "cites": [ "claim:l-scale" ] }, { "rule": "Strict grids everywhere are not a Bauhaus rule.", "basis": "not_recorded", "cites": [ "claim:l-strict-grids" ], "guidance": "Use the grid as structure, and break it where the content asks.", "silence": "source" }, { "rule": "Hang each section from an axis at five-twelfths.", "basis": "translation", "cites": [ "claim:layout-1", "claim:layout-2" ], "because": "Asymmetry over an underlying grid; which fraction is ours." } ] }, "shapeGeometry": { "tokens": { "radius": "0", "rule": "2px solid #1A1916", "rule-thin": "1px solid #C9C1B2" }, "rules": [ { "rule": "Use geometry structurally, not as decoration by default.", "basis": "translation", "cites": [ "claim:g-structural" ], "because": "The record states it as our reading of Bauhaus practice, applied to the screen." }, { "rule": "Circles, squares and triangles are not a signature.", "basis": "not_recorded", "cites": [ "claim:motif-2" ], "guidance": "Draw a shape only when it marks, measures, tests or plays.", "silence": "source" }, { "rule": "Keep corners square and rules straight.", "basis": "translation", "cites": [ "claim:g-structural" ], "because": "Geometry that produces the layout, not a sticker on it." } ] }, "imagery": { "rules": [ { "rule": "Compose photography together with type.", "basis": "record", "cites": [ "claim:imagery-1" ] }, { "rule": "Treat the camera as an instrument: viewpoint, light, photograms.", "basis": "record", "cites": [ "claim:p-new-vision" ] }, { "rule": "Photomontage is not established as a Bauhaus rule.", "basis": "not_recorded", "cites": [ "claim:p-photomontage" ], "guidance": "Use it where the work needs it; do not use it as a signal.", "silence": "source" }, { "rule": "Crop an image to what it shows.", "basis": "translation", "cites": [ "claim:p-new-vision" ], "because": "New viewpoints and cropping are the camera used as a design instrument." } ] }, "components": { "button": { "name": "Button", "becomes": "A solid ink block with a plain label: the one action the page exists for, sized by what it does.", "anatomy": [ "ink field", "label in the sans, sentence case", "no icon unless it carries meaning" ], "tokens": { "background": "#1A1916", "color": "#ECE6DA", "radius": "0", "height": "2.75rem" }, "states": { "default": "Ink block, ground-coloured label.", "hover": "The block shifts to the accent.", "focus": "3px ink outline, 3px outside the block.", "active": "Accent block, label unchanged.", "disabled": "Outline only, dashed, mid-grey label." }, "accessibility": [ "Label on ink at 14.1:1.", "At least 44px tall.", "A real